Author name: Karthikeyan

Hi, I’m Karthikeyan Balamurugesan, a content creator and HVACR professional passionate about simplifying complex concepts in heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration. With years of industry experience, I specialize in sharing practical insights on energy-efficient systems, data center cooling, and sustainable technologies. Through TheHVACLab, my goal is to empower engineers, consultants, and business owners with clear, actionable knowledge to make informed decisions and stay ahead in the industry. Let’s connect and explore the future of HVACR together!

Most Commonly Used HVAC Auditing Tools for TAB | HVAC Efficiency Guide

Introduction HVAC auditing is crucial for ensuring optimal system performance, energy efficiency, and occupant comfort. Testing, Adjusting, and Balancing (TAB) is a specialized process used in HVAC auditing to verify that systems operate as designed. HVAC professionals use various tools to measure airflow, temperature, pressure, and other critical parameters. In this article, we’ll explore the […]

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How to Design AHUs for Cleanroom Applications ?

Introduction Cleanrooms are specialized environments where air quality, temperature, and humidity must be strictly controlled to meet industry standards. The Air Handling Unit (AHU) plays a critical role in ensuring contamination control, energy efficiency, and regulatory compliance. Whether in pharmaceuticals, electronics, biotechnology, or healthcare, the design of a Cleanroom AHU must be meticulously planned to

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How to do traverse measurements in circular or rectangular ducts ?

Accurate airflow measurement is essential for HVAC performance, energy efficiency, and system reliability. Traverse measurements—taken across the duct cross-section—help determine average air velocity and overall volumetric flow rate. In this guide, we integrate best practices with references to ASHRAE Standard 111, ASHRAE Standard 62.1, SMACNA guidelines, and ACCA manuals, providing you with a robust technical

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Air Changes Per Hour (ACH) Calculator

ACH/ACPH Calculator ACH/ACPH Calculator Air Changes Per Hour (ACH) Formula: ACH = (Total Supply Air Flow × 60) / Room Volume Select Space Type: Office (4-6 ACH)Conference Room (6-8 ACH)Classroom (6-20 ACH)Hospital Room (6-12 ACH)Operating Room (15-20 ACH)Warehouse (6-30 ACH)Kitchen (7-8 ACH)Bathroom (6-7 ACH)Laboratory (8-12 ACH)Welding Shop (12-15 ACH) Select Unit: Imperial (ft, CFM)Metric (m,

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Duct Traverse Measurements Calculator

Traverse Calculator Traverse Calculator Select Unit System Unit System: SI (Metric)Imperial Traverse Velocity Average Calculator Duct Type: Circular DuctRectangular Duct Number of Traverse Points: Generate Traverse Inputs Calculate Average Traverse Velocity Velocity from Velocity Pressure Calculator Air Density (kg/m³): Velocity Pressure (Pa): Calculate Velocity

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Duct Airflow Calculator for HVAC Systems

Unique Duct Airflow Calculator Duct Airflow Calculator Designed by TheHVACLab Select Unit: Imperial (inch, ft/min)SI (mm, m/s) Duct Type: RoundSquareRectangularOval Comparison Mode (compare all duct shapes) Insulation: Not ApplicableOutside Insulation OnlyInside Insulation OnlyBoth Inside and Outside Insulation Insulation Thickness (in): Original Duct Width/Diameter (in): Original Duct Height (in): Air Density (lb/ft³): Air Velocity (ft/min): Final

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Close-up of a modern digital thermostat mounted on a wall, displaying temperature settings in Celsius.

The Rise of Smart Thermostats: Enhancing Energy Efficiency in Homes

Did you know that inefficient temperature control accounts for nearly 50% of a building’s total energy consumption? (Source: U.S. Department of Energy) Digital thermostats have revolutionized HVAC systems by optimizing energy use while maintaining indoor comfort. Introduction In today’s fast-paced world, where energy efficiency and comfort go hand in hand, digital thermostats play a crucial

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Close-up view of an air duct labeled 'SUPPLY' in an industrial setting.

How to Design Ducts For HVAC Systems ? Equal Friction Method

Efficient air distribution systems play a pivotal role in modern building design, ensuring optimal comfort, superior indoor air quality, and enhanced energy efficiency. These systems are the backbone of Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) networks, responsible for delivering conditioned air to various zones within a structure. A well-designed air distribution system not only supports

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How to Select the Right Air Filter for HVAC Applications?

Air pollution remains one of the most significant environmental threats to global health, disproportionately affecting children and vulnerable populations. In 2019, an alarming 99% of the global population resided in areas failing to meet WHO air quality guidelines, with ambient and household air pollution collectively contributing to 6.7 million premature deaths annually. Among these, 4.2

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